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What is Tempered
Glass?
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Tempered
glass is one of two kinds of safety
glass regularly used in applications in which standard
glass could pose a potential danger. Tempered
glass is four to five times stronger than standard
glass and does not break into sharp shards when it fails. Tempered
glass is manufactured through a process of extreme heating and rapid cooling, making it harder than normal
glass.
The brittle nature of tempered
glass causes it to shatter into small oval-shaped pebbles when broken. This eliminates the danger of sharp edges. Due to this property, along with its strength, tempered
glass is often referred to as safety
glass.
The thermal process that cures tempered
glass also makes it heat resistant. Tempered
glass is used to make the carafes in automatic coffee makers and the windows in ovens. Computer screens, skylights, door windows, tub enclosures and shower doors are more examples of places you will find tempered
glass. Building codes also require the windows of many public structures to be made of tempered
glass.
Automobiles use a different type of safety
glass for the windshield and tempered
glass for the back and side windows. Windshields are made from laminated
glass, which sandwiches a sheet of plastic between two panels of
glass. When the windshield breaks, the
glass panels stick to the plastic film, rather than falling away to possibly injure the driver or other passengers.
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Tempered
glass breaks in a unique way. If any part of the
glass fails, the entire panel shatters at once. This distinguishes it from normal
glass, which might experience a small crack or localized breakage from an isolated impact. Tempered
glass might also fail long after the event that caused the failure. Stresses continue to play until the defect erupts, triggering breakage of the entire panel.
In recent years, acrylic has replaced tempered
glass in many applications in which heat is not a factor. Acrylic is 20 times more impact resistant than
glass and does not shatter like tempered
glass. Instead, acrylic dents if the impact is strong enough. If the force is sufficient to cause acrylic to fail, it will crack without shattering.
Acrylic is also half the weight of
glass and has many other advantages. However, it is flammable. Therefore, you won`t find an acrylic coffee carafe or oven door.
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Discuss this Article
anon200130
Post 57 I`m confused about the the properties of the
glass. Can you please give me the properties of a
glass?
exracerfan
Post 56 I had a 6foot x 2foot tempered
glass which was on top of a dark pine drawer cabinet. The other night at 3 a.m. it suddenly exploded next to us, while we in bed asleep!
It was not chipped, scratched or damaged in any way and had been there for seven years! I had a lot of jewelery boxes on top of it (10 in all). Can`t understand why it happened and am now worried about the
glass top I have on my dining table which is also tempered, seven years old and very large. Does anyone know if this is normal?
anon172582
Post 55 what is the difference between as-1 and as-4 auto
glass types?
Related Topics Tempered GlassTempered Safety GlassBuy Tempered GlassCurved Tempered GlassLaminated Tempered
Glass
anon141939
Post 54 I have/had a
glass top round patio table, five feet across. last week this table (it was in an outside screen room with a metal roof) "blew up." It shattered and left a pile of little ice cubes. Can anyone tell me why this would happen. Table is about four years old.
anon140080
Post 52 I am an owner builder with a plan for a curved shower enclosure, having approximately a 44` diameter. Can someone explain the relative advantages and disadvantages of tempered vs. laminated vs cast
glass for this application? Thank you.
Glassman
Post 50 answer to question 19: you can buy fire rated ceramic
glass from Technical
Glass Products(TGP) in Washington.
Related Topics Tempered GlassTempered Safety GlassBuy Tempered GlassCurved Tempered GlassLaminated Tempered
Glass
Glassman
Post 49 question 8: Gary, likely you are looking at two different applications for the
glass required in your estimate. 1/4" clear tempered is used for all of your interior glazing(vestibules, hallow metal framing etc.)
the low e annealed refers to the makeup of the insulated
glass unit on the exterior of the building, in the curtain wall, or windows. this will need to be fully tempered if it is adjacent, or in a door; or 18" from the finish floor.
Glassman
Post 48 Answer to question 22: tempered
glass (1/4" thick) clear, with a rough edge costs less than $2 per square foot from major
glass fabricators(Oldcastle, PDC, Arch, etc.) polish edge costs normally 10-15 cents per inch. As you increase thickness, or change the tint, or shape, the cost increases dramatically.
Glassman
Post 47 Answer to question 25: Don`t replace it until it breaks. crazing the edge of a tempered lite does not automatically equal spontaneous breakage. edge stresses are at maximum to about 1/2" and in from the edge of the
glass. I have polished ground as much as 1/4" from tempered lites with no breakage. You may get away with it.
Related Topics Tempered GlassTempered Safety GlassBuy Tempered GlassCurved Tempered GlassLaminated Tempered
Glass
Glassman
Post 46 answer to question 26: If you are looking for resistance to heat/cooling the
glass of choice is Heat Strengthened. Many specifications call for all
glass to be HS, and fully tempered
glass to be heat soaked.
Glassman
Post 45 Your friend`s fireplace
glass may be firelite
glass which can (and does) run, not shatter.
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Glassman
Post 44 You cannot cut tempered
glass, but you can wet-polish grind and wet hole saw tempered
glass, very carefully and risk of breakage is extremely high and not recommended.
Related Topics Tempered GlassTempered Safety GlassBuy Tempered GlassCurved Tempered GlassLaminated Tempered
Glass
Glassman
Post 43 answer to question 30: All overhead glazing must be laminated, many insulated units are laminated
glass on the inboard lite, and tempered only on the outboard lite.
The theory is that the tempered
glass on the outboard lite has the strength to resist impact from birds, roof gravel in storms, as well as solar heat. The inboard lite will be laminated to confine any breakage from falling onto occupants below.
Wire
glass is acceptable as overhead glazing. Wire
glass is acceptable in fire rated applications, however in doors, or adjacent to doors, or 18" above finished floor must be impact rated for safety. specifically Wirelite NT.
anon126354
Post 42 answer to number 38: Many times tempered
glass is prone to spontaneous breakage. This occurs when Nickel Sulfide inclusions re-expand during the heat cycling process after installation.
Nickel Sulfide particles shrink during the tempering process and the float/melting process equally, but in the tempering process they are not given time to re-expand during the quenching process, thus are confined to their shrunken state.
When the tempered
glass is heated slowly from solar heat gain, the Nickel Sulfide particle grows. It can apply as much as 500,000 psi in a very confined area, thus causing spontaneous breakage. spontaneous breakage does not occur in heat strengthened
glass because the nickel sulfide is allowed to re-grow duning the slow cooling process after the tempering oven, and is also not under the same internal stresses as tempered
glass.
It is impossible to eliminate Nickel Sulfide inclusions from
glass, however the percentage of tempered lites subject to risk of breakage can be reduced by a process called "heat soaking" Essentially this is just a -"break it now"- theory, but is not 100% effective, it is costly(roughly $1.50/lite/sq ft.) and can weaken tempered
glass.
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anon101886
Post 39 No, this
glass simply shattered on its own. No one near it. We were inside and heard the noise. Same thing with my neighbor.
Other people who were thinking about having this type of enclosed balcony are now having second thoughts. Also, the balcony
glass is seamless, no posts. The
glass is on tracks.
Related Topics Tempered GlassTempered Safety GlassBuy Tempered GlassCurved Tempered GlassLaminated Tempered
Glass
anon101885
Post 38 I have a
glass enclosed balcony on the 24th floor of a condo building. After several years with no problems a piece of my
glass shattered or exploded for no apparent reason.
What makes this even more interesting is that a neighbor of mine, in the same building has recently had the same thing happen on his balcony, (purchased from same company!).
What would cause this to happen? Keep in mind that there are many other units in this building with the same type of enclosures and this has never happened in the past, as I have checked with our superintendent. Defect in the
glass? Bird? Temperature? Thanks.
anon93832
Post 37 why would a tempered
glass table top break without any hit on the
glass or edges.
anon93122
Post 36 I do windshield replacement Atlanta and tempered auto
glass parts are used for doors, vents and back
glass. It is heated up and cooled quickly so that the outside surface of the
glass becomes harder than the middle. This causes the
glass to break into small squares rather than shatter into shards during an accident. It is sometimes referred to as safety
glass for this reason.
Related Topics Tempered GlassTempered Safety GlassBuy Tempered GlassCurved Tempered GlassLaminated Tempered
Glass
anon83624
Post 35 There is a crack in our office window about one metre long. It appeared a week ago. there was no impact that we were aware of. What could have caused this? thanks.
anon79785
Post 34 If toughened/tempered
glass shatters when damaged,
why has a friend of mine got a cracked
glass in his wood burner? Is this a different type?
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anon78160
Post 33 What is the difference between tempered
glass and toughened
glass?
Related Topics Tempered GlassTempered Safety GlassBuy Tempered GlassCurved Tempered GlassLaminated Tempered
Glass
anon71859
Post 32 Can a tempered
glass fail after a long while? it had been hardly hit on its thickness?
steve8rox
Post 31 To anon 25940: Every
glass panel of my glassed-in off-kitchen balcony has the manufacturer`s brand name and the words "Tempered Glass" etched in a corner of each panel.
Surprisingly, here in South Korea, the info is in English only (very unusual).
anon64297
Post 30 One company tells me that tempered
glass is all you need for overhead panels in a sunroom and another company tells me that it must be tempered on the outside and laminated on the inside. Which is correct?
Related Topics Tempered GlassTempered Safety GlassBuy Tempered GlassCurved Tempered GlassLaminated Tempered
Glass
anon50984
Post 26 Is tempered
glass more resistant to heating/cooling damage than normal
glass?
anon48892
Post 25 I have a dual tempered slider that the outer crazed a couple of weeks ago. Will have it repaired, have estimates - but money is tight Duh! How long might I expect the
glass in this door to stay put as long as I don`t touch it? Yes, I understand there are many factors - but a guesstimate will do. It poses no danger to the inside of the dwelling and we hope the inner panel doesn`t duplicate, and no pieces have come away - just crazy. M
anon47622
Post 24 Can tempered
glass be used safely in wood burning stoves and fireplace screens? Will extreme temperatures cause it to "explode?"
Related Topics Tempered GlassTempered Safety GlassBuy Tempered GlassCurved Tempered GlassLaminated Tempered
Glass
anon45679
Post 22 is tempered
glass expensive?
anon42286
Post 21 What is the u factor and shading coefficient of 10 mm clear tempered
glass and grey tint/bronze tint tempered
glass? Thanks.
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Glass
anon40340
Post 20 you cannot cut tempered
glass.
Related Topics Tempered GlassTempered Safety GlassBuy Tempered GlassCurved Tempered GlassLaminated Tempered
Glass
anon39623
Post 19 where can I purchase two pieces of 18" x 25" x 95" (5mm) pyroceram
glass?
anon39492
Post 18 Would it be a bad idea to clean my tempered
glass refrigerator shelves in the dishwasher? Will the temperature change from fridge to hot water possibly break them or should they be allowed to warm to room temp before putting them in the dishwasher? I just hate the job of hand washing them.
anon36054
Post 17 Can tempered
glass be cut without breaking it.
Related Topics Tempered GlassTempered Safety GlassBuy Tempered GlassCurved Tempered GlassLaminated Tempered
Glass
anon35627
Post 16 Outside table tops that are tempered shoud be fine during the winter. The only concerns would be thermal shock (putting a pot fresh off the stove on to the
glass), or if the unit is a metal frame the metal may contract and pop the table top.
J - wholesale
glass distributor
anon33730
Post 15 Anon28649, the
glass should pass the safety standards. Should be tempered, heat soaked and laminated. -Pinoy
trebickailir
Post 14 Is there any difference between tempered
glass and toughened
glass? If yes, tell me what.
Related Topics Tempered GlassTempered Safety GlassBuy Tempered GlassCurved Tempered GlassLaminated Tempered
Glass
anon28649
Post 13 I was at a shopping center that had a
glass balustrade all around the food court on the second floor that just cracked, and fell down onto the lower levels. It had BS class A written on it, this appears very dangerous. If it is so brittle children could run straight through it and fall to their death. Is it normal practice to have a
glass balustrade for protection at such height and what is the correct
glass to use? I will be forwarding a complaint to the building control officials in the local council authority before some kid dies from the stylish, but dangerous
glass.
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Glass
haykal
Post 12 can tempered
glass and acrylic filters ultra violet radiation?
anon26817
Post 11 To: anon25940 - Tempered
glass will reveal stress waves when you view it through a polarizer. Besides breaking the
glass, that`s the only way to determine if it is tempered.
To: smaltzl - Once a
glass is tempered, that it, you cannot cut it.
Related Topics Tempered GlassTempered Safety GlassBuy Tempered GlassCurved Tempered GlassLaminated Tempered
Glass
anon25940
Post 10 How can you tell if it is tempered
glass or not?
smaltzl
Post 9 I have tempered
glass panel from a sliding
glass door. If the frame is removed, can that panel be cut to another size?
garyc
Post 8 what is the difference between tempered
glass & low-e temp annealed
glass, argon filled?
Related Topics Tempered GlassTempered Safety GlassBuy Tempered GlassCurved Tempered GlassLaminated Tempered
Glass
anon13790
Post 7 With respect to the unexpectedly broken
glass, my guess is that the problem probably had to do with a structural defect in the window frame that exacerbated a previous defect in the
glass itself.
It is possible that the
glass broke because it was not properly fitted to its frame. Without proper fitting, repeated cycles of expansion of the frame (which might be wood or metal) has built up stress in the
glass. A slight disturbance, such as your opening the window shade, might put the final "nail in the coffin" for this window.
Also, sometimes older casement (hinged windows that can open like a door) windows are not properly fitted into the window sash. Thus, you might close the window and flex the whole frame, thus putting unexpected stress on the
glass.
anon11575
Post 6 I had a strange thing happen to me. I lower the shade to my bedroom window each nite, a window which gets direct sunlight each morning. One morning as I raised my window shade, the window cracked.
The window was never stuck by anything from either inside or outside. Please explain the cause of the
glass break.
anon11268
Post 5 what is the thermal conductivity of tempered
glass with
6mm of thickness?(tempered
glass = side windows of cars and rear window)
Related Topics Tempered GlassTempered Safety GlassBuy Tempered GlassCurved Tempered GlassLaminated Tempered
Glass
anon10645
Post 4
Glass balcony person...if anyone has cleaned with "Dupont 409", I heard, but cannot verify easily, it has an acid in it that etches
glass...
If
glass is etched...maybe it can be repolished or frame treated back to shiny? or possibly laminated with a polymer...
I do know the olde University of Chicago library had
glass blocks for flooring, which was fun...and helped distribute light but over the decades of weary scholarship had all gotten scuffed beyond shiny. Last stop for long-wearing
glass issues: Dark Mission--The Secret History of Nasa by Richard Hoagland. Apparently there are very durable types of
glass (anhydrous
glass).
best wishes, Sparky-Foam
anon8126
Post 3 I have a tempered
glass balcony and it seems as though I can`t get them as cleaned as they first were put in. Lots of film on them and tried cleaning with just about everything...
Please help with different options..
kathyp
Post 2 I have tempered patio furniture, can it stay out during winter?
Related Topics Tempered GlassTempered Safety GlassBuy Tempered GlassCurved Tempered GlassLaminated Tempered
Glass
anon4980
Post 1 i have an outdoor patio table made of tempered etched
glass and i`m wondering if it`s safe to leave it out all winter, will the
glass break if it freezes?
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